Anestrus in Cattle |Types of Anestrus| Treatment of Anestrus in Cattle|

 

Anestrus is a broad term that indicates the lack of estrus expression at an expected time.

Classification

A.    On the basis of corpus luteum (CL):

1.      Presence of functional corpus luteum (Functional anestrus or apparent anestrus)

2.      Absence of corpus luteum (True anestrus)

B.     on the basis of stage of animal:

1.      Pre-pubertal anestrus

2.      Postpartum anestrus

3.      Post service anestrus  

Presence of Functional CL:

Ø  Anestrus due to pregnancy

Ø  Anestrus due to pyometra

Ø  Anestrus due to mummified fetus

Ø  Anestrus due to macerated fetus.

Ø  Silent heat or weak heat.

Absence of CL:

The ovaries are quiescent, inactive and do not have any functional CL, this condition is referred to as true anestrus. This may be due to:

Ø  Malnutrition

Ø  Lactation Stress

Ø  Season Stress

Pre-pubertal Anestrus

Ø  Delayed puberty due to under nutrition

Ø  Abnormal Reproductive Tract; Freemartin, Hermaphrodites, segmental aplasia of paramesonephric duct and ovarian hypoplasia.

Ø  Debilitating disease such pneumonia.

Postpartum anestrus:

Ø  Physiological anestrus for 2-3 weeks after parturition.

Ø  Lactation stress

Ø  Nutritional Effects such as negative energy balance and deficiency of micro nutrients.

Ø  Uterine disease such as RFM, metritis, pyometra 

Post Service Anestrus

Ø  Pregnancy

Ø  Pyometra

Ø  Luteal Cyst

Ø  Silent Estrus

Treatment of True Anestrus

1.      Deworming with appropriate drug

2.      Mineral Mixture supplement

3.      Phosphorus injection I/M for three days

4.      Gentle ovarian massage and painting of external os with Lugol, s iodine on alternate day three times.

5.  Hormonal Therapy:

     (a)        GnRH analogues:

      Receptal (Buserlin 20mg) 5 ml

     (b) Administration of eCG or PMSG

            1500-3000 IU I/M or I/V

      (c) Administration of Progesterone:

            PRID or CIDR for 7 to 14 days

         subcutaneous ear implant norgestomate also gives good result.

      (d) Estrogens administration:

       Estrogens easily induce behavioral estrus but no follicular growth or ovulation occurs.

Treatment of Silent Heat

Inject any one Prostaglandin analogue when active CL remain present and do double AI after 48-72 hrs.